All courts - 1960

Jurisdiction-Buganda courts-Suit filed in High Court-Application for transfer of suit-Suit for damages-Collision-Allegations of negligence and nuisance -Issues of partnership and vicarious liability involved—Principles on which case transferable to Buganda Courts—Buganda Courts Ordinance (Cap. 77), s. 2, s. 7, s. 9, s. 10 (U.)—Uganda Order in Council, 1902 s. 20 (U.)—Con- stitution of Uganda, s. 74 (U.). 
 

Bankruptcy Bankruptcy notice-Validity-Post office box given as address of creditor-Whether address given sufficient—Bankruptcy Ordinance (Cap. 29), s. 164 (U.). 
 

Practice-Evidence—Examination of witness abroad and outside jurisdiction— Issue of commission or letters of request-Application by summons in chambers-Civil Procedure (Revised) Rules, 1948, O. XXVII, r. 1; r. 2, r. 20; O. XXIX, r. 10; O, XXX, r. 5. (K.)

Criminal law-Evidence-Unnatural offence—Corroboration—Evidence of complainant identifying accused—Whether there was evidence to corroborate complainant's evidence—Magistrate failing to warn himself of the need for corroboration-Penal Code (Cap. 24), s. 162 (a) and s. 297 (K.). 
 

Practice-Particulars—Action for balance of account-Particulars sought of two items in account-Order for particulars in proper form within specified time -Failure to comply with order as items found incorrect—Application for amendment of plaint-Whether failure to comply with order or to show proposed amendments in red ink justifies dismissal of suit—Civil Procedure Rules, O. 6, r. 18 (U.). 
 

Criminal law-Sentence-Committal to superior court for sentence—Conviction by magistrate—Sentence passed by superior court-Whether appeal against conviction and sentence lies to Court of Appeal—Penal Code, s. 291 (K.)— Criminal Procedure Code, s. 217 (2) (b), s. 217 (A), s. 347 and s. 378 (K.)— Criminal Justice Act 1948, s. 29—Magistrate's Courts Act 1953, 3. 29

Bankruptcy-Offences-Undertaking by bankrupt to pay part of salary monthly for benefit of creditors—Failure to pay-Whether offence committed under s. 137 (1) (q) of the Bankruptcy Ordinance—Bankruptcy Ordinance (Cap. 30), s. 54 (2), (3), (4) and s. 137 (1) (q) (K.). 
 

Criminal law-Escape-Aiding prisoner to escape from lawful custody-Prisoner arrested by police for suspected breach of municipal by-law - Whether prisoner in lawful custody-Penal Code, s. 119 (1) (K.).

Seychelles--Penal Code, s. 4, s. 253, s. 268 and s. 316 (S.)—French Code Napoleon, articles 1315, 1316, 1320, 1322, 1329, 1330, 1341, 1347, 1348, 1349, 1353, 1354, and 1355—Penal Code, 1904, s. 214, s. 216 and s. 268 (S.)—–Criminal Procedure Code, s. 3 (3), s. 121 (c) (ii) (S.)—Evidence Ordinance, s. 12 (S.)—French Penal Code, art. 169—Penal Code, s. 122 (K.). Company-Whether a company “unauthorised” by the government has legal existence 
-Colonial Laws Validity Act, 1865—French Code de Commerce, art. 37. 
 

Nullity-Wilful refusal to consummate marriage—Incapacity of wife—Vera copula incomplete-Whether marriage consummated. 
Nullity-Intervention—Queen's Proctor-Intervention after decree nisi-Un-defended petition—Information for intervention from respondent's wife. 
 

Criminal law—Evidence-Corroboration—Whether evidence of accessories after the fact requires corroboration.

Practice-Appeal—Argument inconsistent with case at trial raised on appeal— Discretion of appellate court to permit appellant to take a new point—When discretion will be exercised. 
Agent Contract—Sale of goods—Goods purchased through agent from undisclosed principal—Price paid to agent and misappropriated by him— Whether purchasers discharged from liability to vendors-Indian Contract Act, 1872, s. 226 and s. 230.

Trade-Covenant in restraint of trade-Grocer—Covenant not to engage in grocery business for five years—Area of restraint coextensive with area of jurisdiction of court-Reasonableness—Severability of area between two islands—Contract Decree (Cap. 80), s. 27 (Z)—Indian Contract Act, 1872. 

Costs-Taxation—Party and party costs-Expenses of bringing witnesses from outside jurisdiction. What costs are allowable-Civil Procedure Rules, O. 17, r. 9; O. 65, r. 27 (9) and Appendix I (Z.)—Rules of Court, 1922 to 1934, r. 73, r. 83, r. 88 (Z.)—Rules of the Supreme Court, O. LXV, r. 27. 
 

Statute-Construction—Penal Code-Whether ejusdem generis rule applies— Legislation in pari materia-Intention of legislature-Constructions of words “or other place”—Penal Code, s. 91 B (K.)—Conspiracy and Protection of E Property Act 1875, s. 7. 
 

Costs-Security-Petition for restitution of conjugal rights by wife—Application for security for wife's costs—Whether court empowered to order security for costs—Divorce Ordinance (Cap. 112), s. 4 (2) and s. 31 (U.). 
 

Practice Discovery—Application for affidavit of specific documents—No description of documents-Whether applicant entitled to order for discovery—Civil Procedure Rules, O. 10, r. 19 (3) (U.). 
 

Criminal law-Per jury—Evidence—Admissibility—Testimony given in language other than that of the court—Trial judge acting as interpreter without being sworn-Testimony not recorded by judge but by court official-Record of testimony produced by court official at trial for perjury—Trial judge not called as witness at trial for per jury—Whether record of testimony admissible -Supreme Court (Record of Evidence) (No. 2) Rules, 1955 (S.)—Criminal Procedure Code (Cap. 77), s. 172 and s. 175 (S.)—Evidence Ordinance (Cap. 81), s. 12 (S.)—Indian Evidence Act, 1872, s. 80 and s. 91—Seychelles Judicature Order-in-Council, 1903, cl. 13 (2) (S.) Promissory Oaths Ordinance, 1955 (S.)—Capital Offences Order-in-Council, 1903, cl. 8 (S.)

Criminal law—Sedition-Consent of Attorney-General to prosecution—Whether Consent must specify all facts constituting offence-Penal Code, s. 57, s. 58 (1) (b) and s. 59 (K.). 
Criminal law-Sedition, two counts preferred in respect of one speech—Whether improper to prefer two counts. 
 

Criminal law--Charge—Form of charge—One statement of offence-Four counts thereunder giving particulars of each count-Whether charge properly drawn-Criminal Procedure Code (Cap. 20), s. 136 (2) (T.).  Evidence-Judicial notice—District in which coffee is grown—Whether the court may take notice that coffee is grown in certain districts only. Criminal law-Evidence-Burden of proof-Failure to observe direction by statutory board—Direction that producers must sell locally produced coffee to union-Coffee sold to dealer-Burden of proof that coffee locally produced-Indian Evidence Act, 1872, s. 105. 
 

Criminal law-Corruption by a public officer-Police officer not acting in lawful conduct of employment—Whether charge of corruption as a public officer is applicable-Penal Code, s. 78 (1) (U.). Criminal law-Evidence—Accomplice-Offence complete before witness involved 
-Whether a witness can be an accomplice. 
Criminal law-Evidence—Accomplice-Corruption–Bargaining between a person threatened and a police officer as to the amount of a corrupt gift to the officer- Whether the person threatened is an accomplice. 
Criminal law-Demanding money with menaces-Whether person threatened must be alarmed by threat—Penal Code, s. 279 (U.)—Larceny Act, 1861, s. 45. 
 

Stamp duty-Adjudication-Transfer of property-Inadequate sum paid as consideration—Whether transfer of property can be classified as a voluntary disposition—Stamps (Amendment) Ordinance, 1956, s. 31C (1), (2), and (4) 
 

Criminal law-Practice-Trial—Irregularity—No written judgment delivered containing points for determination, decision thereon, reasons or section of statute on which conviction founded-Conviction and sentence recorded by judge in trial record—Record also containing document headed “Grounds of judgment”—Whether irregularities fatal to conviction—Criminal Procedure Code, s. 2, s. 148, s. 149, s. 181, s. 304 (S.)—Criminal Procedure Decree, s. 101 (1) (Z.)—Eastern African Court of Appeal Rules, 1925-Eastern African Court of Appeal Rules, 1954, r. 31, r. 39. 
 

Criminal law-Sentence- Young person- Irregularity- Sentence passed by native court-Sentence revised by magistrate—Revised sentence in excess of jurisdiction of native court-Native Courts Ordinance (Cap. 76), s. 24 (1) (U.)-Reformatory Schools Ordinance (Cap. 61), s. 5 (U.).

Bankruptcy-Creditor's petition—Deed of arrangement executed by debtors and notice thereof given-Whether this is an assignment of property and notice of suspension of payment—Deeds of Arrangement Ordinance (Cap. 31), s. 3 and s. 26 (K.)—Bankruptcy Ordinance (Cap. 30), s. 3 and s. 6 (K.). 
 

Company-Winding-up-Public examination of officers-Fraudulent trading affecting creditors—Whether fraud upon creditors is a fraud “in relation to the company”—Companies Ordinance (Cap. 212), s. 182, s. 214, s. 215, C s. 271, s. 273, s. 356 (U.)—Companies (Winding-up) Rules, 1929, r. 8 (2), r. 59, r. 207, and r. 223 (1)—Companies (Winding-up) Act, 1890, s. 8. 
 

Bankruptcy Debts provable-Costs and interest-Whether decree holder can prove for costs incurred in obtaining decree after date of receiving order and for interest on decretal amount--Bankruptcy Ordinance (Cap. 25), s. 35, s.38 (8), s. 70 and Second Schedule thereto (T.)—Bankruptcy Act, 1883, s. 37-Bankruptcy Act, 1914, s. 30 (3), s. 68. 

Costs-Taxation-Reference-Practice-Error in principle in assessing instruction fee-Fee reduced by judge on reference-Whether judge should assess fee or remit to taxing officer for fresh taxation—Eastern African Court of Appeal Rules, r. 6 (2), r. 19 (6) and Third Schedule r. 24—Eastern African Court of Appeal Order-in-Council, 1950, art. 14 (b). 
 

Practice-Striking out pleading—"Set-off and defence" filed lacking particulars— No particulars sought—Particulars subsequently supplied without application -Application at trial to strike out “set-off and defence”—Whether such application proper—Civil Procedure (Revised) Rules, 1948, O. VI, r. 3, r. 17, r. 18, r. 27, r. 29, r. 30, O. VIII, r. 2, O. L, r. 1 (K.)—Rules of the Supreme Court, O. XIX, r. 7 and r. 27, O. XXV, r. 2 and r. 4. 
Pleading-Set-off-Equitable set-off-Unliquidated damages-Failure to perform contract alleged—Whether equitable set-off can be entertained in the same action as plaintiff's claim. 
 

Insurance · Motor insurance Validity of indemnity Warranty excluding liability if driver not sober-Driver of insured using car without authority when drunk-Vehicle damaged beyond repair-Whether insurers liable— Penal Code, s. 284 (T.). 
Pleading-Amendment-Appeal-Omission to plead warranty in defence- Application made to amend defence at hearing of appeal-Omission due to inadvertence-Circumstances in which amendment allowed. 

Mohamedan law-Wakf Failure of primary objects-Primary objects not valid for wakf-Charitable intention expressed in favour of secondary objects— Benefit to secondary objects conditional on surplus income being available after providing for primary objects—Whether cy-pres doctrine applies— Whether wakf void. 
Mohamedan law-Wakf-Object of wakf-Reading of the Koran upon the grave of 
deceased-Whether the object of the wakf is valid.

Criminal law—Charge—Receiving or retaining stolen property—Whether necessary to state the owner of the stolen property in the charge-Penal Code, s. 317 (1) (K.)—Criminal Procedure Code, s. 137 (c) (i) (K.). 
Criminal law—Accomplice—Accused charged with receiving or retaining stolen property-Taxi-driver engaged to transport stolen property-Taxi-driver not aware that property stolen-Whether taxi-driver an accomplice-Penal Code, s. 317 (1) (K.)

Landlord and tenant-Lease-Construction-Private building estate-Roads constructed by lessor Clause requiring lessees to meet the cost of making and maintaining roads—Cost restricted to sum assessable on and payable by lessor-Whether lessee liable for cost of roads incurred voluntarily by lessor— Meaning of cost of roads “assessable on and payable by lessor. 

Criminal law-Trial-Irregularity-Accused absent from part of trial-Whether trial vitiated—Criminal Procedure Code (Cap. 27), s. 193 and s. 381 (K.). Criminal law-Practice-Entry of nolle prosequi—Simultaneous filing of new information—Both informations identical. Whether entry of nolle prosequi at trial discharges proceedings at preliminary inquiry-Whether trial a nullity-Criminal Procedure Code (Cap. 27), s. 82, s. 89 (4), s. 233, s. 246, s. 250, s. 255, s. 275 and s. 299 (K.). 

Detinue-Burden of proof—Bond warrants endorsed over to appellant—Return demanded by respondent and refused by appellant-Whether proof of ownership gives immediate right to possession.

Criminal law-Murder-Provocation—Accused aware of previous adultery of his wife with paramour—Subsequent discovery of wife and paramour in flagrante delicto-Whether sufficient provocation to reduce murder to manslaughter— Penal Code, s. 187 and s. 188 (U.). 
 

Harbour-Meaning of "harbour premises"-Prosecution for refusal to obey lawful order of harbour management whilst on "harbour premises”- Whether "harbour premises” includes open land within harbour area or only land in vicinity of harbour buildings—East African Harbours Regulations, 1952, reg. 2, reg. 273 and reg. 299.

Practice Sealing Sealing of court documents - Court order bearing ink impression of rubber stamp in place of embossed seal of court-Whether rubber stamp impression can be regarded as a seal of court—Meaning of “sealed with the seal of the court”—Validity of the order of court—Indian Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, O. 21, r. 24—Designs for Seals and Stamps Order, r. 3 (T.). 
 

Land-Possessory title—Arabs settled on land by German Administration of 
Tanganyika-No documents of title—Descendants of Arabs in occupation fifty years later-No other claimant to land-Whether occupiers have acquired right to permanent occupation—Land Ordinance (Cap. 113), s s. 2, s. 3 (T.)-German Imperial Ordinance, 1895, s. 1 (T.). Compulsory purchase-Arabs settled on land by German Administration of F Tanganyika-Descendants still in occupation fifty years later without any documents of title-Whether occupiers are owners with title of freehold nature and entitled to compensation—Land Acquisition Ordinance (Cap.118), s. 5, s. 9, s. 18, s. 20, s. 29 (T.)—Indian Land Acquisition Act, 1894-Lands Clauses Consolidation Act, 1845, s. 79—Land Ordinance (Cap. 113), s. 2, s. 3 (T.)—German Imperial Ordinance, 1895, s. 1, s. 6 (T.

Arbitration Award-Setting aside award-Error of law on face of award— Question of law submitted to arbitration—Whether question solely one of law —Mistake as to territorial law applicable—Whether error is one of construction of clause in arbitration agreement—Whether error justifies setting aside award-Arbitration Ordinance (Cap. 15) (T.).

Arbitration—Award—Jurisdiction—Proper law of contract—Clause applying law of arbitration in Tanganyika incorporated in contract—Arbitrators resident and sitting in Kenya-Whether award can be validly filed in Tanganyika court—Arbitration Ordinance (Cap. 15) (T.). 

Landlord and tenant—Lease for one year subject to annual option to renew— Option exercised regularly—Whether tenancy can be terminated by notice to quit-Whether yearly lease with option to renew is invalid for want of registration-Registration of Titles Ordinance, s. 108 and s. 110 (U.)

Practice Arrest before judgment—Action for possession of property and damages -Defendant arrested-Security for appearance furnished—Application by defendant to set aside order for arrest-Whether plaintiff entitled to order for defendant's arrest under O. 36, r. 1 Civil Procedure Rules—Civil Procedure Rules, O. 36, r. 1 (U.)—Civil Procedure Ordinance (Cap. 6) s. 12 (U.). 

Damages - Breach of contract for personal services assessment of damages should be made. Damages Mitigation—Whether the duty to mitigate entails outlay of expenditure. Income Tax-Award of damages-Damages for breach of service contract— Whether damages liable to income tax-Meaning of “compensation”—East African Income Tax (Management) Act, 1958, s. 3 and s. 5—Income Tax Act, 1918, Schedule E, r. 1. 
                                                           
             

Trust and trustee-Breach of trust-Loan of trust funds without independent valuation of security—Security later realising less than sum lent—Negligence but no dishonesty alleged against trustee-Provision in trust deed relieving trustee from liability for acts not attributable to dishonesty-Whether trustee entitled to be relieved from liability—Trustee Act 1893, s. 8 (1)— Judicial Trustee Act 1896, s. 3—Land (Law of Property and Conveyancing) Ordinance (Cap. 114), s. 2, s. 3, s. 10 (T.)—Land Ordinance (Cap. 113), s. 16 (T.). 
 

Bill of exchange-Cheque-Notice of dishonour within reasonable time—Notice given two days after having knowledge of dishonour-No averment in pleadings that notice unnecessary—Whether holder can rely on such plea without amendment of pleadings—Meaning of 'refer to drawer'—Bills of Exchange Ordinance (Cap. 291), s. 49 (12), s. 50 (1), s. 50 (2) (c) (iv), (K.). 
Practice-Trial-Amendment of pleading-Bill of exchange-Application for leave 
to amend after close of evidence for both parties-Whether refusal of application justified. 

Bankruptcy Composition—Scheme for payment of debts in full proposed by debtor-Approval by most creditors and by Official Receiver-Scheme disapproved by court-Appeal on grounds that discretion exercised on wrong principles—Bankruptcy Ordinance (Cap. 30), s. 18 (10), s. 29 (3), s. 96 and s. 137 (1) (r) (K.)—Bankruptcy Act, 1890. 
 

Costs-Habeas corpus-Whether a successful applicant is entitled to costs. 

 Mortgage-Enforcement of security-Action against transferee of equity of redemption—Whether original borrowers must be parties to action—Whether witnesses to attestation of charge by borrowers must give evidence proving execution—Indian Transfer of Property Act, 1882, s. 85 —Indian Evidence Act, 1872, s. 68—Registration of Titles Ordinance (Cap. 160), s. 1, s. 23, s. 32, s. 46, s. 58 (K.)—Indian Acts (Amendment) Ordinance (Cap. 2), s. 2 (K.). 

Bill of exchange—Promissory note—Dishonour-Notice of dishonour—Whether notice necessary—Bills of Exchange Ordinance (Cap. 215), s. 3 (1), s. 48, s. 50, s. 52 (3), s. 90 (T.)—Civil Procedure Code, O. 6, r. 11, O. 7, r. 1, r. 11 (T.). 
Pleading Notice—Requirement that where notice is material, pleading must aver that notice given—Whether when notice is immaterial, pleading must so aver— Civil Procedure Code, O. 6, r. 11 (T.).